Light Years Ahead | The 1969 Apollo Guidance Computer

Very extraordinary presentation. Answered deep complex questions that I wondered about for years regarding the LM computer interface.

Imagine going through all that trouble to have technology produced that - in the minds of the engineers - would _actually_ take that vessel to the moon, only to have Stanley Kubrick to film a mock of the whole thing.

What a waste of time .

Considering that we've not left low earth orbit = load of bullocks.

The MIT team located the source of the error with only two or three hours to spare. In anticipation of a possible abort, Aldrin had insisted that the spacecraft’s rendezvous radar remain turned on. (Wired.com) www.wired.com/story/apollo-11-mission-out-of-control/

Excellent! Very entertaining and well spoken. Thank you.

Did the computer improve by Apollo 17?

One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.

How did the lunar lander take back off without causing a huge dust cloud?

Great video and deep knowlogy of AGC computer.

Little known history: The US Navy's super secret sub, the NR1, used two AGC's for its guidance system. This was a deep diving nuclear sub with a crew of a dozen. Navigating the deep ocean was more complex than landing on the moon. This adds two more to the number of units built -- that we can document using declassified data.

For decades I have longed for this kind of breakdown of how the guidance computer actually worked. I am so glad I finally found someone who could explain it in terms I could understand. THANK YOU!

2 things.. One amazing they didn't wait for Margaret to pass away before she got a well deserved award.. And somebody has to hit up netflix or something to make a updated movie on her .. Just today before i watched this talk I had watched a old candid camera where they trick people into thinking a female was the Pilot of the airplane (Candid Camera Classic: First Female Pilot) and that was in 1963 .. So got to be some drama she went through you would think.. Ok 3 things.. One of the best talks I have seen in a long time and I do watch lots of TED... When he went to questions, it still only felt like 20 mins in at most..

Google's algorithm is getting a little scary. This was recommended and I thought I will watch for two minutes then move to something else. I ended up watching the whole thing. Hats off this was rather interesting. Oddly I started thinking of Monty Python while watching this.

The disappointment is that I cannot find an answer why 94% braking thrust. And no one asked.

The Apollo Guidance Computer: "I need 55W and I flew the Apollo missions to the moon and back" My GTX 1080: "I consume 150W and Cyberpunk scares me"

Very good story structure; I didn't know if I would listen the whole story, but I got curious about the error And what a piece of engineering, that computer.

Watching this talk for the 2nd (possibly the 3rd!) time..... A thought.... Surely, the checklists for the landing would be available in the public domain, so working out if the rendezvous radar was left on by accident or by design, should be easy to determine?

Really interesting and glad it answered deeper questions that I didn't know where to ask and get them quickly.

I am going to speculate that alot of the testing simulations were performed with analog computers not digital computers. The programs were implemented on patch panels. I am guessing because my group was still using analog computers for flight dynamics well into the 1980 's. There are not code listings for analog computers. Just differential equations and transistor based integrators.

They destroyed that technology apparently & its a painful process to invent it again :quote from don pettit, a so called nasa astronaut. Why do nasa train astronauts in a pool ? The complete opposite of a vaccum.. where is the time lapse footage of the construction of the ISS ? apparently the most technologicaly advanced structure built by man !!!

Give us a reading on the 1202 program alarm....

I started watching this, expecting to glaze over and zone out after about 5 minutes but I was captivated from beginning to end, what a great lecture. Thanks for posting!

Absolutely outstanding presentation on the subject of how Apollo 11 LM landed on the moon using the guidance computer. Not only highly educational but very amusing in parts. Really well worth a watch to add to your knowledge of Apollo.

Rare gem of a find on YT

Lol, he said , " the first thing we need is a rocket engine " what about the 6 inches of lead surrounding the astronauts to protect them from the radiation

This guys voice is SOOOOO irritating. Can't watch.

Fascinating and superbly presented

This is an excellent talk and overview of the AGC, but this guy needs to do just a little more research. First, the *two-input* NOR (NAND also works, they're duals) is the most primitive gate from which any binary digital logic circuit can be constructed. Three-input gates let's you get the job done with fewer. Second, no, not any mathematician would be shocked by ones-complement arithmetic. The first super-computers (from control data corporation, e.g., there were others) used ones-complement arithmetic. Having a 15-bit word size is not limiting on the size of numbers that can be represented; it limits what can be represented in *one* word. What's strange about a 15-bit word size is that it's not a power of two number of bits. The ability to have double- and triple-length integers bestows increased *precision,* not increased accuracy. Etc. Having said all that, thanks for a great talk.

When the alarms appeared, no one knew what they meant, except for an anonymous young man, maybe 25 years old, named Bales. He was the one who shouted we are go! Every time the alarms arose He saved the mission.

Armstrong did indeed take over manually and made the moon landing.

This video is giving me a stable member.

1969: "1202 Alarm!"......"We are go on that alarm". 2021: "1202 Alarm!"......"All our agents are busy right now but your call is important to us".

Absolutely fascinating! Thank you from someone who started coding around the time of the first moon landing.

Van Allen Radiation Belts?

The work of scientists cannot be diminished but the same medal to Rush Limbaugh makes the medal as meaningless as the Nobel peace prize to the mass serial killer Henry Kissinger and President Barack Obama who persecuted immorally more whistle blowers and oversaw the slaughtering of more innocents for the full eight years of wars started on lies than any other president in history .

Im guessing Buzz Aldrin isn't using 1202 as his pin number for anything

It's hilarious if people think we went to the moon back then and Nixon makes a phone call to them on the moon, we can't go there now and no human has even been close to the Van Allen radiation belt since. Among other ridiculous things they claimed to do up there. 0 of the moon landing footage shown on tv was shot on the moon.

This is fascinating 🧐.

the guidance computer was great especially since it didn't have to carry anyone anywhere....they just had to drive to a set designed to look like the moon.

They landed on the moon but forgot to make videos showing how thy put on and took off their moon suits inside the LEM. Total hoax.

Given the complexity of what Robert presented here, the answer "They forgot to turn the radar off" was politically motivated because it would cost a thousand "sound bytes" to explain. Imagine the fall out against NASA if that "truth" came out.

However, the real question is whether we will ever discover intelligent life on earth.

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This almost makes you believe they went to the moon.

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Now I know what the DisKEY is for, I have been watching all of the lunar landings lately and now I know what it means, and this is ware Windows 3.0/3.11 got it's cooperative multi tasking from.

Great presentation but one nitpick - It wasn't so much a hardware bug per se but it was human error too. Buzz has himself stated that he turned on the Rendezvous radar on while landing in case they needed to do a rapid abort but this wasn't the way it was designed to be done, hence why it overloaded the system. That extra 15% wasn't meant to be there as NASA designed the system to have one or the other radar on - not both at the same time. They "patched" this error by adding a hard requirement to the checklist to turn it off in future. Edit - it's mentioned at the end but it's not accurate as they didn't "forget", Buzz didn't turn it off on purpose as he wanted to abort faster if needed.

I.use positive and minus zero all the time, now I feel guilty and out of date! :D

Moon landing hoax ET Plejarens know it all! Billy: We have indeed already spoken at various times about the American Moon-landing swindle. In this regard, I have now also spoken with an American who was visiting here. He was not in agreement with that which I told him regarding your explanation concerning this matter. It was his opinion that a swindle is completely impossible, because the aforementioned Moon-landing project had employed at least 100,000 humans, who most certainly had not kept silent, even if it were their duty to do so. At least a whole number of them would have talked or not held their tongues due to certain grounds. What is your opinion on that? Quetzal 1. As we have already explained several times, the Americans’ Apollo-11 Moon-landing on July 20th, 1969 did not take place, because everything was a great designed swindle, through which the entire world was fooled. 2. Also it was not so that 100,000 or more people were involved in the fraud or simply informed about it, rather a total of precisely 37 persons who were involved in that. 3. This small number was responsible for nothing trickling through, and the criminal-fraud enterprise actually could be kept secret up until the present day and this would also be the case in the future, in spite of the fact that very many anomalies in regard to the photographs and videos will be discovered by critical people and will continue to be discovered. 4. The lie will therefore continue to be sustained, and indeed in spite of the provable and clear evidence of the anomalies, which prove the falsification of the Moon-landing. 5. Further to say is, that the Moon-landing swindle is also connected to murder, and indeed in the respect that in spite of the duty of silence of those involved, a great number cannot be silent, respectively, could not be silent, which led, and will further lead, to arranged “accidents” and “illnesses” with fatal consequences, until the last involved person is no longer alive whose silence is not securely established. 6. Remaining alive are only those who are hypnotically bound with their Moon-landing lies, so they themselves believe that the Moon-landing actually was realized, or at least that they have thereby cooperated. Billy: But then how is it with the Moon-rover and the landing devices and so forth, which were supposed to have been left behind on the Moon? Quetzal 7. These are actually to be found on the Moon, whereby however these were left behind from a later Moon-landing on the Earth’s satellite. Billy: Therefore the Yanks were indeed on the Moon. Quetzal 8. Naturally, however not on the claimed point in time of July 20th, 1969. 9. In that time the mendaciously propagated and nonexistent Moon-landing was a pure political manoeuvre of the Americans, ostensibly to trump the Soviet Union in the so-called space race, to practically anticipate this and thereby to be the winner and more powerful, which was supposed to serve as a deterrent military action in regard to the Soviet Union supposedly fearing the Americans. Billy Hence the gigantic fraud of the alleged Moon-landing. Quetzal 10. That is correct. Billy And, will the truth ever come to light? Quetzal 11. That would hardly be the case because the entire fraud is played in such a way that the discovery of the truth has practically as good as no chance. 12. Also the provable contradictions of all kinds which can be allocated by the photographs and videos would bear no fruit for the acknowledgement of the truth. Billy: In the same way as with Roswell, where the spaceship crashed. Quetzal 13. That is also true, because in this case hardly a possibility exists that the secret activities will one day come to the light of truth and the humans will be enlightened about the actual truth. 14. Quite the opposite - the future will prove that the responsible ones in America will always invent new lies in order to shroud and deny the truth about the Roswell case. The smoking gun right here on their guilty faces! uzones.info/plus/video/cnrFi5iehYN-rYI.html Movie set.. www.bitchute.com/video/ELIRCJFpVPzK/?fbclid=IwAR2-778VyH6xwzUMjlwOswjJVt_AnwLAcgSqNUZxxGzA61mxf6dHt1DxRPA Buzz Aldrin admits we didn’t go to the moon. uzones.info/plus/video/iWW7gWmkh4Gmfaw.html Neil Armstrong refusing.... www.dailymotion.com/video/x2p18fb?fbclid=IwAR2Ao9ScWfHr6MaQtxqMFKYNrV042ovWA6xnQAv7o4WJTfbZeZa1H0qH7zg Buzz punches a guy.. uzones.info/plus/video/f4O1nXlur3ZqsGk.html

Too many anomalies in the " lunar movie production" to be ignored. Yes, it was a necessary world event, a movie production nonetheless. A. Every ounce of weight is scrutinized yet a go-kart was unpacked & taken for a joy ride... repeatedly? B. Interviews with astronauts get flustered when asked if saw they saw stars, as none were in any "lunar" films? C. No blow out craters in the surface dust , still present for a foot print? D. Sorry boys & girls, stanley kubrick & his movie set did what was required for the national good. We own a debt of gratitude for all who pulled it off.

I think the finger control software hung up when he was explaining how new job worked!

Hey answer this question for me. What happened to the sound of the rocket that was under his butt when landing on the moon? They seemed to have forgotten about that little fact. Also what happened to the crater that said rocket would have created during the landing? He left a footprint of his boot but the rocket didnt kick up a spec of df dirt? Oh and speaking of that boot print, why was the bottom of the boot design totally different than the suit they showed then boarding the ship in? Shall i go on? I think i made my point. The moon landings were OBVIOUSLY faked. Space is fake, its a violation of the second law of thermodynamics. So no, there wasnt anyone going through the wardrobe to get to narnia. Wake up to the lie already people.

Spectacular presentation! Thank you for sharing your knowledge. diskey makes apollo work, russian word for flying saucer diszky, anagram mr strong alien... hum How is the reproduction coming along?

You don't need to be alarmed when you're not actually landing on the moon. Not to take away from the amazing computation ability of the computers, because a computer can't tell a test from real world scenario.

But the Erf is flat.

Good spin. They want us to believe that a cranky system that put out low resolution BW video and had a power lesser than early keypad phones and that enabled the "spacecraft" to fly 30 km above ground went THROUGH the very thick overhead dome 40 km above the ground, that not even the fallen angels can pass through, and then land man on a FLAT lantern moon whose backside we don't even know. And that we cannot go back to because we have "LOST" the technology to do it.

Memory management--what's that? :)

Cubic foot? What kind measurement is that? Banana scale?

LOL at the clueless little NASA haters here :) .

Don't waste your time. It was all BS.It takes longer than 3 Sec for the radio sig to go from the earth to the moon and back.

All Bullshit! Most people know Apollo was a hoax! It's been proven beyond doubt!

Fantastic... seems like microservices in some ways

33:47 Worst error messages ever! LOL!

I was interested in the fact that the lecturer used meters for speed and feet for height.

Wonderful awesome explanation, really well done and extremely interesting! thanks for sharing!

All those supposed brains and they still believe the moon landing lie! What fools or liters!

comments here look sanitised. every single one is unquestioning. Scientism in action.

35:35 that 2 shadows is not parallel.. lol .. very well presented and quite very interesting! 42:38!

A fascinating presentation from a mesmerising speaker - or, how to make 1 hour and 21 minutes pass by in 10 minutes!

I saw the title and came here just to trash this. LIGHTYEAR IS A DISTANCE NOT TIME. But you knew that. Still, you used the popular expression to increase clicks. Keep spreading the idiocy!

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Amazing video!

the computer says no.

Never went to the moon. We can't get there.

MOON HOAX We didn’t go to the moon - you’ve a lot of waking up to do if you believe anything nasa says - Watch these uzones.info/plus/video/ZXzZeWWDaaFlsIY.html odysee.com/What-Happened-On-the-Moon#b Part one uzones.info/plus/video/fZLSioaklKV6i20.html part two uzones.info/plus/video/qJTPdH2cl4ine20.html a funny thing happened on the way to the moon uzones.info/plus/video/gaOch5asoWSAm44.html astronauts gone wild

I wonder if this chap could resolve my computer issue - a Malware / Ransomeware encryption? Any chance he could look at it for me please?

While giving a technical description of how the system worked, he discredits the importance of the actions Buzz Aldrin took to safely land the spacecraft. What a PC Leftist....

I recognise this room.... looks like Bletchley Park 👀

Discussions of limited memory, interpreters and machine code remind me of my first computer, the UK 101 that came with 1/2k RAM expandable to 8k and a 6502 with its machine code instructions and 8k of interpreter on a ROM which booted in moments, a very different situation to today. P.s. it’s still working 😀

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Kinda funny how that technology was lost or destroyed being so ahead of its time. Seems like they would want to preserve something so advanced and important? Tinfoil spaceship believers be warned! Your government is fooling you!

It's funny when masons make bullshit presentations like this.

Brilliant. Just to add, I never knew Moss from the IT Crowd gave these talks!

Excellent presentation / storytelling! But wait... Apollo 11 at 60? Years? Probably just some kind of "computer glitch" (wink wink). I know, too picky, and in no way does it detract anything from this video. Great stuff!

An absolutely brilliant presentation and one which should be viewed by all space enthusiasts. The design of the software was brilliant. "Simple," but got the job done. The explanation for the "1202" and "1201" alarms corrects many misconceptions the general public may have had.

Thank you! I have always wondered what was up at that moment.

10/10!

It's nice to know that people like Robert Willis exists. His passion and sense of humor are wonderful.

NASA - hebrew for "to deceive". If the van alen belts hadnt destroyed them, then the tempature at full sunlight would of fried them to 127 degress celcius, yet the chest camera that was used for filming wasn't friend in such tempatures, and neither were the astronaughts. The moon Lunar lander had the same space as two phone boxes side by side, yet they fitted in it the moon buggy and two astronaughts. The science is laughable beyond belief.

That little computer was a magnificent accomplishment. To think that just one

I hand coded Fanuc® when we had to ensure our total program was kept very small to compensate for lack of memory. Now, in the days of high level cad/cam and finite analysis systems, like MasterCam® and Solidworks® most programs we hand coded back when are available as simple canned routines. The interface takes one code with three or four variables instead of a pages-long stream of individual commands. I get how much onboard brainwork the software engineer had to have in mind and how easy it would be to neglect a checklist item for intercept radar to off, and all I was trying to avoid crashing was a tool head into a workpiece or fixture. Credit to MIT/NASA that they only had one glitch landing on the moon with less memory than my microwave oven.

I would much rather know how they shielded the astronauts from the Van Allen radiation, how they managed to misplace the necessary technological breakthroughs for the landings so thoroughly that they cannot be recovered still after 50 years, how the Russians, who were leading the Americans all the way through the space race, were never able to replicate the feat even 50 years later, and why there has supposedly been no fundamental breakthrough in propulsion technology for about 80 years. If you can answer these questions satisfactorily, then I might believe your Apollo story.

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What would have happened if Neil Armstrong didn’t enter the last command? Wouldn’t the computer have rebooted repeatedly on the descent?

Brilliant, just brilliant!

That 81 minutes felt like 20.

Thank you for a superb explanation, and thank you for making me aware of Margret. Clearly her contribution to world history is significant, but few people (like me) are aware of her existence. I was a young grade schooler living near the Cape during the Apollo era, and I saw the launches and I was fascinated by the whole thing. These days it is a pleasure for me to learn the actual details of the things that I saw back then.

Who is the they at MIT?

What an excelent conference!